Baling-press



- y 4 Sheets-Sheet 1. O, L. BESSONETTE. BALING PRESS.

Patented May 3, 1898.

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(N0 Model.)- 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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BALING PRESS.

N 603,249. Patented Mary 3, 1898.

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(N0 Mode 1.)

GI.L.B'ESSONETTE.

BALING PRESS.

,249. Patented May 3 1898.

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A71 125525.. Max/- PATENT Prion.

CHARLES L. BESSONETTE, OF WAOO, TEXAS.

BALlNG-P RESS.

SPECIFICATIONforming art of Letters Patent No. 603,249, dated May 3,1898.

' Application filed March 9, 1896- To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES L. BEsso- NETTE, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Waco, in the county of McLennan and State of Texas,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for BalingCotton; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, andexact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilledin the art to which it appertains to make and use the same. i

My invention consists in the novel features hereinafter described,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate oneform in which. I have contemplated embodying my invention, and saidinvention is fully disclosed in the following description and claims. 7

Referring to the said drawings, Figure 1 represents a front elevation ofa machine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 represents a 'side view of thesame. -Fig. 3 represents a vertical transverse sectional view of thesame, showing also the air-pump and its connections. Fig. 4 is adiagrammatic view showing the action "of the compressing-rollers informing the bale.

In the drawings, Arepresents the bed-plate of my improved machine,supported upon a suitable foundation and upon which the main frame B ofthe machine, carrying the working parts, rests. The main frame consistsin this instance of two side plates or frames connected by the bed-plateat the bottom and by suitable cross-braces between the bedplate and theupper extremities.

O and D represent the upper compressingrollers of the press, which aremounted in stationary bearings in the main frame of the machine and Iare disposed preferably with their axes in a horizontal plane. One ofthese rollers-in this instance roller Cis provided at each end with anannular flange e extending outward a considerable distance beyond theperiphery of the roller to prevent the telescoping of the cotton laps informing the bale. Above the rollers O and D'is a feeding and compressingroller E, which is also mountedin stationary bearings in the main frameand has its peripherybut a very of the machine.

Serial No. 582,422. (No model.)

slight distance from the roller 0, so that the bat of cotton will be fedinto the machine by and compressed between the rollers O and E. Adjacentto the rollers C and D and slightly above the same is a guide-board E,over which the bat passes and by which it is guided to the rollers O andE.

Below the rollers O and D is a verticallymoving compressing-frame F,which is arranged to slide vertically in the main frame This framecarries the lower compressing-rollers G and H, preferably of the samesize as the rollers C and D and also having their axes in a horizontalplane, the shafts of said rollers being mounted in bearings carried bythe said sliding compressingframe. It will be seen by referenceparticularly to Fig. 2 that the rollers are so arranged that they exertpressure upon the bale in pairs diametrically opposite to each other,and the roller of the lower pair which is diametrically opposite to theflanged roller 0 of the upper pair'to wit, the roller H-is also providedat each end with flanges h similar to those of the roller 0, asillustrated in the drawings. These flanges confine the ends of the balewhen it is being first formed and give itsmooth ends, perpendicular toits axis of rotation. The central part of the bed-plate A is providedwith a central aperture K, into which a hydraulic cylinder L is dropped,said cylinder having a flange l at its upper end, which engages thebed-plate adjacent to the edges of said central aperture. A large hollowpiston M or plunger of substantially the diameter of the interior of thecylinder L engages said cylinder, the cylinder being provided with theusual packing and packingflange l. The upper end of said hollow flangeor piston is closed in this instance by a part of the vertically-slidingcompressing-frame F, as shown, so that the hollow plunger or piston ismade air-tight, At its lower end said hollow piston or plunger-isprovided with an aperture m, communicating with the interior of thecylinder L, said aperture being provided with a regulating-valve m,which has a valve-stem mipreferably having a threaded portion extendingthrough the upper end of piston to a point where it can be reached bythe operator, where it is provided with a hand-wheelin and a jam-nutm".By this means the aperture may be adjusted as desired.

The cylinder I is partly filled with a fluid, such as water or oil,which when the piston is down passes into the hollow piston M throughthe aperture 922, a suitable means being provided for the escape of airfrom the said piston, as indicated in Fig. 3.

0 represents an air-pump of any suitable form provided with anadjustable pop or safety valve 0 of any usual or preferred form, whichmay be set to discharge at any given pressure.

0 represents a service-pipe leading from the air-pump to the machine andconnected by a flexible pipe 0 with a nipple m communicating with thepiston. I also prefer to provide a pressure-gage P, which isconveniently secured to the main frame, as shown, and connected with theservice-pipe by a small pipe p. I also provide an exhaust-cock O in theservice-pipe, so that the air may be allowed to escape from the interiorof the piston when it is desired to lower the piston to discharge a baleor for any other reason.

Q represents the main or driving shaft of the machine, mounted inbearings in the main frame and provided with a driving band-pulley q andwith pinions q g, which engage large gear-wheels e 011 the shaft of theroller E. This roller-shaft is also provided with pinions e e, whichengage pinions c c and (Z d on the shafts of rollers (l and D and driveSaid rollers. I11 order to impart motion at all times and in allpositions to the lower compressing -rollers, I provide a movableidleshaft R, which is connected pivotally with the shaft of roller E byarms R R and by similar arms R It with a shaft F, journaled in thevertically-movable compressor-frame F. The shaft F is provided at eachend with a gear wheel f, similar to gear-wheels e e, and the movableshaft R is provided with similar gear-wheels r 0', which transmit powerfrom the wheels 6 c to wheels ff. The shaft F is also provided withpinions f f which mesh with pinions g g and h h. By this means all ofthe rollers will be driven at the same speed and in the properdirection, as will be seen by reference to the arrows in Fig.

In carrying out my invention I employ compressing-rollers which arepreferably of a size considerably smaller than the size of the bale tobe formed, whereby but a very small part of the surface of each roll isin contact with the bale at once and the peripheries of the rolls curveaway sharply from the bale. As a result of this construction as the batis rolled onto the bale the rollers each push the cotton forward, as isclearly indicated in Fig. 4, thereby exerting a longitudinal strain uponthe bat as each layer is rolled on and drawing the fiberslongitudinally. As a result of this drawing action the cotton is laidmore smoothly and tightly upon the roll and a much better bale isproduced than in a machine using large rollers.

It will also be noted that by my invention the pressure is applied tothe bale at four points and the pressure of each roller is met by thatof another diametrically opposed to it. By acting on the bale in thismanner the same amount of compression can be obtained with a verygreatly reduced pressure upon the rolls, and this enables me to make themachine lighter and save a great amount in building and also in thepower required to operate the machine.

The operation of the machine is as follows: The air-pump is started andair is forced into the hollow piston,forcin g it to move upwardly. Atthe same time the air-pressure bcingdownward upon the fluid as well asupward the fluid is slowly forced through the aperture as the pistonrises into the lower parts of the cylinder. The piston, being of thesize of the cylinder throughout its length, forms a guide for thesliding compressing-frame and prevents any tendency of the same to getout of a horizontal plane when the lower rollers have reached theirhighest point, and even before the machine can be started and thecotton-bat fed in between rollers O and E, where it is somewhatcompressed, after which it passes into the space between the fourcompressing-rollers, where it is rapidly formed into a roll. As thisroll becomes larger it will gradually begin to exert a pressure upon therollers D O G II, and the pop or safety valve having been set to acertain pressure as soon as the pressure between the upper and lowerrolls exceeds that to which said valve is set it will automatically openand let off a small quantity of air, thus lowering the piston and therolls G H. In this manner the rolls G II are gradually lowered as thehalo increases in size, at the same time maintaining the desiredpressure upon the bale, which pressure can be regulated by adjusting thevalve in the manner usual with such valves. Then the bale has assumedthe proper size, the binding-wrapper T is put on in the usual or anypreferred manner, as shown in Fig. 1, the exhaust-cock Q is opened, andthe air allowed to escape from the piston. The liquid in the cylinderwill be forced up into the piston during the baling operation, and whensaid cock is opened the weight of the piston, sliding frame, rolls, andbale willfurthertend to force it up into the piston. The aperture m,being regulated by the valve on, will be so small that the liquid willbe forced to pass slowly through the said aperture m, and thus slowlylower the piston, rollers G H, and the bale. The bale will then beremoved and the operation repeated.

It will be seen that by employing a body of liquid and a fluid, such asair, (or other gas,) above the same, which is more compressible, Iobtain a number of advantageous results. The body of air will exert aconstant pressure upon the piston, and slight variations in itselevation will not interfere with the exertion of this pressure onaccount of the greater degree of compressibility of the air in contrastto a liquid. The liquid serves as a seal and also as a base againstwhich the more compressible fluid can react, and by the constructionwhich I employ there cannot be any moment when all pressure is taken offof the bale, as sometimes happens where a liquid only is employed.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a cotton-baling press the combination with the stationarycompressing-rollers, of movable compressing-rollers, each disposeddiametrically opposite with respect to the bale to one of said fixedrollers, of a hydraulic cylinder, a hollow piston in said cylinderoperatively connected with said movable rollers having a communicationbetween said cylinder and the interior of said piston, means for.forcing .air into said piston, and automatic with the movable andstationary compressingrollers, of a hydraulic cylinder, ahollow pistonin said cylinder for moving the movable compressing-rolls, having acommunication between the interior of said piston and said cylinder,means for forcing a fluid into said piston and an automatic device forexhausting fluid from said piston, substantially as

